Thomas Hardys Tragic Stories Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Thomas Hardy's Tragic Stories For centuries, various writers have endeavored to encapsulate the constituents of tragedy, and create works of literature that adhere to their understanding of an ostensibly universal system of tragic structure, tragic plot, and tragic theme. Nevertheless, the etymology of the word, "tragedy," proves to be as elusive and arcane as the tragic construct is seemingly concrete and unequivocal; indeed, the word, "tragedy," can be traced to the Greek word, "tragoidia," which literally means, "goat-song." We do not know whether actors in the Choral Odes read their lines clad in goatskins, or if goats were bestowed as prizes; we do know, however, that Aristotle reconfigured the more bucolic play tradition, and, in his Poetics, developed a technique founded on the tradition of regal grandeur, sweeping scope, and cosmic power. Thomas Hardy, one of the few Victorian tragic prose writers, undoubtedly draws from the tradition of Aristotelian Greek tragedy. Nevertheless, our thesis expresses skepticism in the precision and alacrity with which Hardy is equated with tragedy and conventional tragic form. In a post-Shakespearean nineteenth-century world, writers were acquainted with two tragic traditions: Greek and Christian. The Greek tragic tradition is founded upon the ritual feasting of Dionysus (or the Roman version, Bacchus); the Christian mystery play tradition is rooted in the Passion of Christ. Both traditions bind themselves inextricably to forces larger than themselves - either to gods and goddesses, or to the Holy Trinity - and structure their plays around the rituals inherent in these traditions. Hardy's own novels comprise elements of both Greek and Christian tragic conventions, thus elici... ...on tragedy from The Life and Work of Thomas Hardy Bibliography Bloom, Harold. Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. New York: Riverhead Books, 1998. Brereton, Geoffrey. Principles of Tragedy: A Rational Examination of the Tragic Concept in Life and Literature. Florida: University of Miami Press, 1969. Gibson, James. Thomas Hardy: Interviews and Recollections. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. Hardy, Thomas. The Life and Work of Thomas Hardy. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1985. Kramer, Dale. Thomas Hardy: The Forms of Tragedy. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1975. Krook, Dorothy. Elements of Tragedy. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969. Margeson, J.M.R. The Origins of English Tragedy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967. Page, Norman. Oxford Reader's Companion to Hardy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Generoso Pharmaceutical Inc

Malijan, Mary Erjoy D. GENEROSO PHARMACEUTICALS AND CHEMICALS, INC TIME CONTEXT 1978 and in 1988 – GPC engage in the contract manufacturing of  pharmaceutical products for both the domestic and export markets and the Generics Bill came in. SUMMARY / ABSTRACT This case examines the management of Mr. David Genereso in the GENERESO PHARMACEUTICALS AND CHEMICALS, INC to become a productive and successful company. Mr. David Generoso was a philosophy graduate of a sectarian university in the Philippines.He began his career in the Philippine pharmaceutical industry at the Central Luzon Region. He married Elizabeth Reyes, a nurse and certified public accountant and they have been blessed by 5 children’s. David established a company called Generoso Pharmaceuticals and Chemicals (GPC) with Elizabeth and a business associate Mr. Rafael Buenaventura, the team set up shop at the Generoso residence in Tarlac. An initial capitalization of P300 started the business with a dozen bottl es from the pharmaceutical firms which they had been connected with before.GPC was able to establish a good track record fast and its customer base expanded beyond the region. David and Rafael had to hire extra hands to peddle their goods: 2 sales  representative in1978, 5 in 1979, 12 in 1980, 25 in 1981, 53  in 1982, and 75 in 1983. From its initial assets of P300 in 1978, GPC had total assets of P12 million in 1983which consisted of a dozen vehicles, a few pieces of real estate in the Central Luzon Region, an office, a modest amount of inventory and cash.Elizabeth initiated GPCs reorganization to control over different product lines, which by the year 1988 was composed of several subdivisions: Pharmaceutical Distribution Division, Agrovet Division, Cosmetics Division, Raw Materials Indenting Division and the Contract Manufacturing Division. As of 1988, there were 32 large-scale pharmaceutical laboratories in the Philippines, most of  which manufacture only their own brands a nd/ or brands licensed by foreign drug manufacturers and about six  were engaged in contract manufacturing. There were an estimated 150 distributors of imported pharmaceutical products in the country, and among them is GPC.Together they serviced an estimated market of at least P5. 7billion, based on retail sales statistics from the National Census and Statistics Office. No one is engaged in theextraction of active ingredients from locally available raw materials or in the  formulation of new products from known active ingredients. As a result, the country continues to rely heavily on imported pharmaceutical products and raw materials, which have averaged at U. S. $67. 853million annually from 1982 to 1986 according to Foreign Trade Statistics of the Philippines.In 1988, the American principal offered his plans to David of GPC engaging in the contract manufacturing of pharmaceutical products for both the domestic and export markets. The proposed project was to compound locally al l products that it will manufacture and sell, importing only the active ingredients and bulk materials that it is unable to produce locally. Heavy emphasis would be placed on applied research to extract and develop active ingredients from locally available raw materials, health foods, fibers, food supplements, and other over the-counter products. The company was now a going concern valued at P40 million.The proposed project would cost approximately P135 million. I. STATEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVE * To be able to continues strategic planning. * To be able to come up with the additional budget to implement the project. * To have environmental strength. II. CENTRAL PROBLEM * To determine possible action of GPC in order to continue in the competition and find additional fund for the project. III. AREAS OF CONSIDERATION (SWOT ANALYSIS) * The company has a going concern value of P40 million, and the project will cost P135 million. * The American principal offered his plan to engage GPC to expo rt the products.SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGHTS| WEAKNESSES| 1. Ready for expansion| 1. Short on financial resources| 2. Strong financial condition| 2. Expansions are too costly| 3. Reputation of good customer service | 3. Weak advertising and promotions| OPPORTUNITIES| THREATS| 1. Ability to grow rapidly| 1. Risk of the project because it is costly| 2. Business expansion| 2. Entry of new competitors| 3. Opening to emerged with new technologies| 3. Government new policies and regulatory restrictions| IV. ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTION 1. Generoso Pharmaceutical and Chemicals should not accept the project and stay small. ADVANTAGE Less cost and risk. DISADVANTAGE * The company will not be competitive. 2. Generoso Pharmaceutical and Chemicals can borrow money to the bank. ADVANTAGES * Can implement the project early. * Long term payments. * Can support the project. DISADVANTAGE * Has an interest. * The longer the period the debt is not paid the higher interests. * The borrower pledges some ass ets as collateral for the loan. 3. Generoso Pharmaceutical and Chemicals should accept the project. ADVANTAGES * Higher quality of product should be obtained. * The company will remain competitive. DISADVANTAGE * It’s too costly. * Risky The creditors need to provide funds. V. RECOMMENDATION I therefore conclude that the best solution to the problem in alternative course of action is number # 2 which is the Generoso Pharmaceutical and Chemicals can borrow money to the bank because even though you had a debt and it can generate interest you can pay it because of you new technology that has and you will remain as a competitor and has a high quality of product but in a lower price. VI. STRATEGY FORMULATION Discussed the project to everyone. Have a budget. Consider the new customers that you might have. Your environment can suit with this project.Your employees were capable of doing this project. VII. PLAN OF ACTION ACTIVITIES| PERSON RESPONSIBLE| TIME FRAME| BUDGET| Discussed th e project| Owner and Principal| 1 day| | Make a detailed plan| Principal| 1 – 2 weeks| | Borrow money from banks| Owner| 1 month| | VIII. POTENCIAL PROBLEM 1. What if the project failed? 2. What if the company was not capable to pay his debt? 3. What if the budget that you collect was not enough for the project? IX. CONTINGENCY PLAN 1. Make a plan that can recover the company if the project failed. 2. Find some businessman who wants to be part of a GPC. 3. Make some Marketing and Advertising strategy.

Women rights, education, economy, politics

Fundamental aims of Islamic culture include welfare, happiness and progress of human society. Human being was created as the representative of Allah. Both man and woman are required to play an imperative role for the cause of serving humanity in a better way. No progress in the field of culture can be possible unless and until woman plays her divergent role in the society. Islam raised the status of woman to a great extent.She has been given rights to property, rights to take part in economic activities, rights to choose life partner, rights to determine his financial requirements and to overcome these and an honorable social status which was not given by the prior and other contemporary cultures and societies. It is a matter of fact that woman occupied an important place during the Islamic Era and played an active role for the uplift of Society. In this article, I have tried to bring out the importance of the role of woman for the development of Islamic Culture and improvement of an Islamic Society.Key words: Islamic culture; Purpose of creation; Status of women; Right and duties of women; Distinction of Islam Women in ancient civilization There had not been a single civilization in ancient world which did not inflict various forms of pains and cruelties to woman. Study of history reveals that that during different era, women had lost their recognition in their respective civilizations. * Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, NIJML, Islamabad, Pakistan Jih ¤t al-lsl ¤m Vol. 5 Oanuary-June 2012) No. 2 Not only had she lost her capabilities but also her freedom.Moreover, she had to lose her worth and status. She was maltreated in each society and every part of the world. As far as her moral and lawful rights concerned, she had fallen to the lowest level. In different nations of the world, she was living her life in miserable and terrible conditions. She was forced to marry and sometimes into adultery. Other became heirs of her wealth irrespecti ve of the intensity of her financial needs. She secondary to her husband and father or any male member of her family. Her husband used to become the owner of her wealth even before her death and also became her master.It all happened when the nature was changed. It all happened hen nations left the way of God and followed the path of Satan. However, a moderate way, which harmonized with nature, wisdom and human interest, existed there. And this way is Islam which is established by God himself. Women in Greek civilization: Despite the fact that Greek civilization was the most modern civilization among the ancient nations, the Greeks considered woman the essential inconveniences and fountain head of all problems. She was cut-off from society.She had only one Job to do i. e. , to give birth to children. There were many women who were compelled to do adultery. Mothers were also forced to do adultery. Furthermore, sisters were forced to marry against their will. She was looked down up in the society; she was treated as a servant; she was maltreated. Their concept of woman was faulty (1) . Famous writer Demosthenes says, â€Å"Women were used to quench the thirst of sex and men had them as girl friends. They had wives to produce children and girl friend enjoy their physical contact with them†.

“The Secret Life of Bees” Literary Analysis Essay

Inevitable conflicts with parents happen frequently in the lives of many adolescents. In the novel â€Å"The Secret Life of Bees,† a young girl named Lily Owens runs away from home, leaving her abusive father behind, on a hunt for more connections to her dead mother, Deborah. Kidd places obstacles of parental conflict for Lily throughout her whole novel. Lily battles with the internal conflict of the knowledge that she killed her own mother and the struggle in finding out the truth.The sources of her conflict with her dead mother include the information she receives from August and T. Ray, her sense of feeling unwanted, and her longing to experience love of a family. Sue Monk Kidd uses this conflict to show that during Lily’s strife to overcome her conflicts she finds herself and realizes that she already has a complete family. Kidd does this to relay a message to the readers so that they may understand that the mother Lily searched for lay inside of her after all and s he is able to create her own power, proving the strength in women.In â€Å"The Secret Life of Bees,† Kidd uses the information Lily receives from her father T. Ray and August to create and further fuel the conflict between Lily and Deborah so that the reader understands the strength in the unity and also individuality of women. The conflict begins when Lily discovers from T. Ray that she was the one to kill her mother by accidently shooting her (Kidd 18-19). She later learns from T. Ray that Deborah had ran away, leaving Lily, and had only come back for her things and not her daughter when she had shot her (Kidd 39). During the novel, Lily keeps a strong distaste for her father and does not believe him when he tells her this.However, Lily does begin to feel worthless and as if she were a horrible child as the idea of her killing her own mother grows on her. She then learns the truth after she runs away from home and finds a family of women who knew Deborah, including a woman named August. Throughout the novel, Lily builds a strong bond with August and trusts her when she tells her that her mother ran away from Lily and T. Ray and left her, but had returned to get her when she was killed. Kidd uses Lily’s knowledge of her mother to provide Lily with a reason to loathe her mother after having such a perfect image of her. However, Lily overcomes this conflict by finding her place with her new  family of strong women that teach her to persevere and listen to the mother inside her.Kidd also uses Lily’s weakness of feeling unwanted to prove that her parental conflict with her mother before she died had affected Lily long-term, yet left her with women that taught her to stand strong. When Lily learns that her mother became pregnant with her and was forced to marry T. Ray unhappily, she realized that her mother had not wanted her. Kidd writes as the consciousness of Lily: â€Å"How dare she? How dare she leave me? I was her child?† (Kidd 259). This pass into Lily’s thoughts gives the reader the idea that even years after her mother’s mistake of leaving, she had been scarred.Lily’s fire of aversion toward her deceased mother is fueled by the thought that she was an unwanted child by her mother, as well as her abusive father, T. Ray. Kidd provides this adversity for Lily throughout her novel to offer a comfort for Lily by the end of the book from the Daughters of Mary so that the reader understands the strong bond between powerful women. Lily finally finds clarity and realizes that she is not unwanted by her â€Å"stand-in mothers.†Sue Monk Kidd also uses Lily’s longing for a family connection and love from the people surrounding her to show that when women come together to heal each other’s wounds, such as Lily’s drawn out conflict with her mother, they can create a true sanctuary of a loving family. In the novel, Lily believes the only way to feel a mother’s lo ve comes from her biological mother, which again created the conflict between Lily and Deborah. Lily longs for this love because she has never experienced it, and she has kept false hope in her mother’s love until the resolution of the novel. However, she overlooks the women she is with daily that have devoted themselves to helping her cope with her conflicts.By the end of the novel, Kidd gives Lily the realization that she has had a family that loves her unconditionally the whole time she was searching for one. This is proven through the last sentence of the novel, quoted â€Å"I have more mothers than any eight girls off the street. They are the moons shining over me†(By saying this, Lily shows her appreciation for her multiple mothers and her new family for guiding her and helping her overcome all of the differences in her life, as well as the horrible, yet teachable, conflict with her dead mother.In conclusion, Kidd wants her readers to find the message of determin ation and pressing on to focus on the voice inside of oneself through Lily’s story. Parental conflicts occur daily in many teen lives but rarely do they scar them as Lily Owens did. Although the hurtful information she was fed, her sensitivity to feeling unwanted, and her lack of experiencing a loving family led to a conflict with her idea of her dead mother that was built over time, Lily’s ability to overcome her past was aided by women that taught her to find the power inside of her.Her conflicts guide her to new places where she can become her own and mature into a strong woman. She found her home, her family, and herself by conquering her battles and moving on, which relates to Kidd’s intention of her novel: Only the factors determination and perseverance on one’s own shape one’s path, not the conflicts of his/her past.

Effectiveness of Talent Management in the field of Human resource Research Proposal

Effectiveness of Talent Management in the field of Human resource - Research Proposal Example According toPhillips & Gull (2012), training key employees should be top priority for the Human resource department. Boudreau & Ramstad (2005) found that organizations that have put deliberate measures to identify high potential employees are seven times more effective in delivering results. This shows the importance and relevance of knowing how to identify, manage, develop and reward talent in human resource studies. Organizations realize that they must have top talents for their success.Becker & Ulrich (2001) found that the best practices being adopted include aligning the talent strategy with the business strategy. A business strategy must always drive the talent needed. The second is that competence should be a basis for succession, hiring, and promotions and finally the third practice is putting the right people in the right jobs. Sometimes hiring the right skills is more efficient than developing those skills. The relevant professional experience in talent management in human r esource is having a degree in human resource or a masters and having been involved in human resource for not less than five years to augment productivity and ability to develop employees for management and talent creation in a firm.

Foundation degree in public service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Foundation degree in public service - Essay Example Social organizations are so set up that crime is not required to obtain the essential necessities of life-food, sex satisfaction, the gratification of primary emotional urges. This is the theoretical assumption of our social philosophy, our constitutions, and criminal codes. But social reality often falls short of these ideal expectations. The most popular theories used to explain crime are Strain Theory and Social Learning Theory. The strain theory was developed by Robert Merton in the 1940s. this theory states that social stress has a dominant impact on behavior of individuals. The loss of social cohesion leads to criminal behavior and isolation form society by an individual. Five reactions to social stress are conformity, ritualism, innovation, ret realism and rebellion. People who experience social stress of this sort must be expected to commit crimes when confronted by an average or even subnormal degree of environmental pressure (Spalek 2005). As long as this disposition has not undergone a change, a sequence of criminal acts must be anticipated. Many of our criminals, endowed by nature with a loosely suspended reactivity, become genuine criminals by recurrence. They acquire abnormal touchiness by the grinding effects of repeated crime and repeated punishment. This theory is important for police and fire service s, emergency etc, to understand human behavior and possible consequences of social stress factors (Hellman and Alper 1997). Social learning theory was developed by Bandura in 1970. This theory is based on psychological concepts and explanations which determine behavior of a person as socially learned. Paramour is learned while overriding actions and communication of other people, their relations and interaction patterns,. According to this theory, criminal behavior is also learned by individuals surrounded by other criminals. Social life

Essay assignment on theme Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Assignment on theme - Essay Example Cather’s major massage in â€Å"Paul’s Case† is a boy’s great and unreasonable desire of splendid lives and its consequences. The author depicts several occasions that reveal Paul’s emotional fulfillment when he is engaged in the theatre setting. Cather shows the conflict between two places. Paul’s house is a place where he remains devastated, and the theater is a place where he gets satisfaction in life. Cather mentions, â€Å"After a concert was over Paul was always irritable and wretched until he got to sleep,† and reflects on the â€Å"ugliness and commonness that he had always had when he came home.† Home is not a cozy, comfortable and safe place to Paul. He does not even relate to his neighbors. However the author points out the happiness of Paul while working at the theatre "as though it were his greatest pleasure in life." Cather adds: â€Å"This was Paul’s fairy tale, and it had for him all the allurement of a secret love.† Paul is very excited, energetic and alive when he is working in the theater. He is more than happy with guiding dressed people and see ing musicians. Paul visualizes real life at the theatre which is furnished with garish satins, diamonds and rhinestones. Paul views the setting of the theatre and the setting of his home and school to be at different extremes of the pleasant and unpleasant. Cather depicts Paul as being obsessive of living in the style and manner which he dreamt of, rather than working hard to pursue the career of an artist and then enjoy life in accordance with his dreams. Paul actually finds a shortcut to fulfill his dreams by stealing money from his employer. When he reaches New York, he starts buying things, such as a street coat, hat, shoes, silver brushes, dress shirts and a scarf pin. He also rides in carriage, drinks champagne and dines to the background of a string orchestra. Cather states, â€Å"Everything was quite perfect; he was exactly the kind of boy he had always wanted to be.† The boy has